Bridge design, planning, and construction bright hub. Suspension bridges bridge brag the tacoma narrows suspension bridge in washington state was known as galloping gertie because it rippled like a roller coaster. The bridge should be able to bear the dynamic loads. Bridge design bridge design and assessment bridge components. Jyoti prasad professor department of civil engineering, college of technology submitted by. The basic structural components of a suspension bridge system are shown in figure 18. The components of the bridge are picked to fit not only its use case scenario pedestrian, highway, railway, transit or industrial bridges but also location on which it is built, the span between its main structural beams and their basic structure arch, beam, cantilever, cablestayed, suspension or other.
Simple suspension bridges, which lack vertical suspenders, have a long history in many mountainous parts of the world this type of bridge has cables suspended. Bridge components and their function i substructure. Suspension bridge cable evaluation and maintenance c. Cable that runs along the top of the bridge and is anchored at the ends. The portion which supports the deck slab and girder and connects one sub structure to the other. Find answers to this question, and learn how cathedrals were designed and built. Components of a suspension bridge suspension bridges. Bridge planning, design, and construction is an important function of civil engineering. In other words, bridge is a structure for carrying the road traffic or other moving loads over. It is a simplest form of bridge which was made of rope and wood in olden days.
A pdf document of the design notes section contained on this website. A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck is hung below suspension cables on vertical suspenders. The basic structural components of a suspension bridge system include. A bridge is a structural marvel which is generally used to pass any type of obstruction that can slow the life of people. But not every suspension bridge is an engineering marvel of modern steel. One of the oldest of engineering forms, suspension bridges were constructed by primitive peoples using vines for cables and mounting the roadway directly on the cables. Inspection and maintenance of suspension bridge cables requires specialized expertise. We built this bridge and wrote a how we did it book about the process a few years ago. Building a small cable suspension bridge the basics plus. A cutwater is a wedgeshaped component added onto a bridge pier. Fracture critical bridge inspection is specifically spelled out in the current nbis, and course no.
The above figure shows the structural components of a three span suspension bridge. The stiffened deck is supported mainly by vertical or inclined hangers. A bridge is an arrangement made to cross an obstacle in the form of a low ground or a stream or a river without closing the way beneath. Different types of bridges with pdf file engineering. The document contains notes regarding the choice of abutment, choice of bearings, preliminary design, reinforced concrete decks, prestressed concrete decks, composite decks, steel box girders, steel truss decks, cable stayed decks, suspension. The cables follow a shallow downward catenary arc which moves in response to. A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck the loadbearing portion. The construction of longspan suspension bridges of m is. Structural components of suspension bridge engineering essay. Suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the road way or the deck is suspended below the suspension cables. Main cables which support the deck and transfer the loadings to the supporting tower and anchorages. This is a key stage as suspension bridges are renowned for spanning long. Suspension bridgesa case study of akashi kaikyo bridge.
The bridge, a connecting structure, creates bonding between different disconnected parts of a country, two banks of the ocean or parts of two countries. Title 1 introduction 2 types of bridges 3 suspension bridge bridge is a structure that provides passage over obstacles such as valleys, rough. This thesis will examine the main issues regarding cables. Guidelines for inspecting complex components of bridges. The scope will focus exclusively on inspecting complex components of bridges, not categorized as fracture critical, movable or underwater inspections. Suspension bridges an overview sciencedirect topics.
Building a small cable suspension bridge the basics plus a video demo. Structural components of suspension bridge figure 5 structural components of suspension bridge. A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck the loadbearing portion is hung below suspension cables on vertical suspenders. Finally the weight, wa, of an anchor block must resist the vertical component of the. Akashi kaikio bridge, japan 1991m cable diameter ca 1,2m. Design of cable systems for cable suspended bridges. That means all the elements of the bridge attached to a supporting system can be categorized as superstructure. The main element of a cable suspended bridge is the cable system. Bailey bridge missouri university of science and technology. Loads, suspension bridge, advantages, assumption, construction, types. A bridge is a structure providing passage over an obstacle without closing the way beneath. Navier 1785 1836 formulated suspension bridge theory in his memoire sur les ponts suspendus in 1823. Since very little support is needed underneath the deck of the bridge, and the cables are light. A roving bridge, changeline bridge or turnover bridge is a bridg e over a canal constructed to allow a horse towing a boat to cross the canal wh en the towpath changes sides.
Underneath extreme winds or very heavy the load the bridge can move so much that the bridge would need to be closed. The basic structural components of a suspension bridge system include stiffening girderstrusses, the main suspension cables, main towers, and the anchorages for the cables at each end of the bridge. The deck on a suspension bridge is also referred to as a roadway, where vehicles are allowed to pass to and from points a and b. This cable was once built as gigantic chains until it was found that a cable made of thousands of steel wire would be much stronger. The suspension bridge is essentially a catenary cable prestressed by dead weight. The cables are guided over the support towers to ground anchors. Loading of aerodynamically stable suspension bridge by storm winds is considered in 2 parts, viz, static wind loading due to steady component of wind and fluctuating loading due to vertical and horizontal components of gustiness.
The obstacle to be crossed may be a river, a road, railway or a valley. Component stiffness of relatively small magnitude are assumed negligible. I thought it would be fun to share the basics of this design as an instructable for people who have enough skill to be able to take the information and work w. Springs and shock dampers come in a variety of styles which are used on. It is designed to resist water flow and break up ice, which helps reduce the pressure these elements place on a.
The bridge we are designing has a span to depth ratio of 10. A suspension bridge is a cablesuspended structure that uses. The required passage may be for a road, a railway, pedestrians, a canal or a pipeline. Completed in july 1940, the first heavy storm four months later caused the bridge to break and collapse from windinduced vibrations. First, it was critical to understand the different components that make up a suspension system. Structural design requires a full understanding and knowledge of all the components comprising the structure. In fact, the earliest ones were made of twisted grass. Design and manufacture of an adaptive suspension system. These components consist of springs and shock dampers. Bridge engineering 92 suspension bridgesa case study of akashi kaikyo bridge i. The key element for both suspension bridge and a cablestayed bridge is the cable. From the very beginning, engineers were trying to win over nature and consequently, they have invented. The evolution of these bridge types of was based on the development of cable theory and manufacturing.
The components of the bridge below the level of bearings is known as substructure. Flexibility of the suspension bridge design is a major advantage, until conditions become severe. A simple suspension bridge also rope bridge, swing bridge in new zealand, suspended bridge, hanging bridge and catenary bridge is a primitive type of bridge in which the deck of the bridge lies on two parallel loadbearing cables that are anchored at either end. When spanish conquistadors made their way into peru in 1532, they discovered an incan empire connected by hundreds of suspension bridges, achieving spans of more than 150 feet 46 meters across deep mountain gorges. Seminar report on cable suspension bridge to be submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of bachelor of technology in civil engineering under the guidance of dr. A much stronger type was introduced in india about the 4th.
The bridge design will be basically determined by the type of bridge, such as the beam bridge or the suspension bridge. The modern suspension bridge developed was in 19th century. After the first thirty years of the bridges life the main cables should be unwrapped and the interior wires or strands. Bridge foundations have to be carefully selected and constructed since they will bear the bridge and the vehicle loads.
Breaking down essential parts of a bridge structure term. Bailey bridge components were sold as surplus after world war ii used here in erecting a concrete gravity dam in quebec bailey suspension spans were widely used in asia during and after the second world war because of their wide availability and low cost bailey bridge panels being used as roof trusses for a factory building in south africa. Some suspension bridges contain more than 0 wires in each cable. A counterweight, typically used on lift bridges, draw bridges, or bascule bridges, is a weight that stabilizes and provides balance for the bridge lift system. Components of a suspension bridge construction of various parts a suspension bridge should consist of the components shown on the diagram, other elements are added for aesthetic purposes and design. The first modern examples of this type of bridge were built in the early 1800s. Cables elements are the most important component in cable supported structures and.
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